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Stories in California

Conservation Technology

Working with California’s most abundant resource: Innovation.

A closeup of a rocky shore with surf along the sand.
Marin Headlands The Pacific Ocean and rock formations on Rodeo Beach, Marin Headlands. © 2012 Ian Shive

It’s time to design a sustainable California. 

California is the innovation hub of the world. It's a state of inventors, entrepreneurs and cultural game-changers, and the technologies we make here are transforming the human experience. Now, there is a new client that could use the help of the tech sector: Nature. 

The Nature Conservancy in California is piloting technology for conservation because we know that when we protect nature, nature protects us.

A square grid of four satellite monitoring images.
Project Lens Monitoring TNC properties with satellites. © Satellite Imagery © Airbus Pleiades

Remote Monitoring in California and Beyond

Monitoring TNC’s many hundreds of preserves and conservation areas is time-consuming, expensive and logistically challenging. So we partnered with Upstream Tech, a conservation-focused software development firm, to build a web-based platform called Lens that allows us to monitor our entire portfolio of properties via aerial imagery by comparing current and historical imagery.

TNC’s other state programs, as well as many land trusts, struggle with the same monitoring problem. In 2020 and 2021, we extended training, support, imagery and online access to other TNC state and national chapters. The results have been remarkable: remote monitoring with Lens resulted in an average 28% reduction in costs and a 57% savings in personnel time. These savings can be redeployed towards more strategic conservation work. 

In response to high demand from the greater land trust community, we published a whitepaper on Lens and shared our research and lessons learned. Additionally, we partnered with the 1,000+ member Land Trust Alliance to launch a two-year grant program, helping the land trust community integrate remote monitoring into their business practices.

Meet Conservation's Eye in the Sky

At TNC, monitoring conservation properties can be a big job, but new technology is making it easier. TNC collaborated with Upstream Tech to develop Lens, a platform for monitoring natural lands remotely using satellites. This technology was a game changer and now, over 150 orgs have adopted Lens. Click through our slideshow and see for yourself!

Satellite image of a date farm along a riparian area in the Amargosa Desert in California.
Satellite imagery of non perennial stream and drainages with cattle on a California ranch.
Aerial imagery of boats on the shores of Santa Cruz Island. The property boundary is displayed as a white line.
Satellite imagery of grassland wildflowers in California. Imagery resolution: 0.5 meters.
A skunk caught on camera trap at night.
Camera Trap TNC is using camera trap technologies and AI to monitor for, and prevent, harmful invasive species from establishing on islands. © TNC

From Months to Minutes: Pioneering New Technologies to Protect Island Biodiversity

The problem with Islands: Islands represent only 5% of the earth’s land area, and yet they are some of the most biodiverse regions on Earth. They link together the world’s oceans and support the health and livelihoods of communities worldwide. Unfortunately, islands are also extinction hotspots. Invasive species and habitats have dramatically transformed shocking numbers of island landscapes, culminating in species loss and ecosystem collapse. 

TNC's Work: TNC is using camera trap technologies and AI to monitor for, and prevent, harmful invasive species from establishing themselves on islands. Our work is beginning at our very own Santa Cruz Island Preserve, where we monitor for very specific uninvited guests: rats.

Until recently, it took months to get images from camera traps across Santa Cruz Island: field staff had to drive or hike rough terrain to retrieve the data cards, then upload and sift through thousands of images searching for rats. Now a network of camera traps across Santa Cruz Island is connected to the cloud, and a new software program we developed called Animl:

  1. centralizes and organizes thousands of images, 
  2. applies machine learning to automatically identify what types of animals are in each image, and 
  3. notifies staff via email or text if a particular type of animal is seen (this notification is critical for responding to an invasive species like a rat). 

Now what used to take months takes mere minutes. Now we're aiming to implement similar technologies on other islands we need to protect.

An aerial view of a kelp forest from a drone.
Kelp Forest Aerial view of a kelp forest off the coast of California. © TNC

Monitoring Kelp Forests from Space

Kelp forms the backbone of many productive and diverse ecosystems, providing habitat and food for thousands of species. But studies show that our kelp forests are diminishing due to increased threats driven by climate change, overfishing and harvesting. On California’s North Coast, warming waters, the introduction of disease and the loss of a key predator have led to a 93% reduction in bull kelp forests in less than a decade.

Unfortunately, our methods of tracking changes in kelp health have not kept pace with modern technology, and in order to protect and conserve these critical ecosystems, we must improve the way we map and monitor them.

To address this, TNC is investing in a cost-effective approach to mapping kelp abundance in near-real-time using satellite imagery and machine learning. We built a powerful visualization platform called KelpWatch that maps California's kelp strongholds. Ultimately, our plan is to replicate this method and publish data in other critical geographies around the world. Rebecca Flores Miller of the California Department of Fish and Wildlife says, “We are blown away by Kelp Watch; we can already see how it can be a really useful tool for managers.”

Check out the CNN kelp visualization using data from KelpWatch. 

A whale breaching while entangled in fishing gear.
ENTANGLED HUMPBACK Whales can get wrapped in fishing gear and marine debris, which can cause injuries, and sometimes result in death. © Mark Girardeau

Using IoT Technology to Free Entangled Whales

Today, one of the leading human causes of whale mortality is accidental entanglement in fishing gear. When a report of an entangled whale comes in, trained responders try to locate that whale and cut it free of the gear. But they can't always do it in one try. Often, rescue crews attach a satellite tracking buoy to the gear so they can find the whale again and free it. But the current device needs an update, and that's where we come in. 

Learn about ways we’re using technology to also reduce the risk of whale entanglements.

Scouting for Whales | Notes from the Field (4:40) We follow California Oceans Project Director Aliya Rubinstein as she and her team partner up with Conservation Tech to revamp the technology rescuers use to save whales tangled in fishing gear. Meet Scout, a little orange device that will help first responders protect whales.

Quote: Matt Merrifield

We think technology can do a lot of work for conservation. The primary objective of our team is to bring great technology with meaningful impact to projects and strategies at TNC.

Chief Technology Officer, The Nature Conservancy of California